They are electrochemi cal devices similar to a battery and consist of a container, an. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies gives an overview of key developments in advanced fuels and vehicle technologies to improve the energy efficiency and environmental impact of the automotive sector part i considers the role of alternative fuels such as. Alternative energy sources and technologies can play a vital role in lowering or eliminating our reliance on fossil fuels. This guidance paper provides an introduction to alternative fuels and technology solutions. Difficulties are thus expected during the storage, transport, and use of hydrogen as a fuel.
The text provides extensive discussion on hydrogen sources, both solar and nuclear, and fuel cell technology, as well as other alternative fuels such as biomass. Alternative fuels is a name given to a specific group of fuel sources in 1992 by the united states department of energy. Hydrogen as a alternative fuel hydrogen is the ideal. Overview of alternative fuels with emphasis on the. Current estimates show that automobiles and trucks account for about 45% of the anthropogenic vocs volatile organic compounds, 50% of the nox oxides of nitrogen figures 121, 122. Alternative sour ces of energy an introduction to fuel cells by e. Although hydrogen is in its infancy in the market as a transportation fuel, government and industry are working toward clean, economical, and safe hydrogen production and distribution for widespread use in fuel cell electric vehicles fcevs. Other technologies are also discussed such as alternative routes to equivalents of conventional fuels, like ctl. This report examines the current capability and estimated future performance and costs for each vehicle type and nonpetroleumbased fuel technology as. A simple approach is presented that can be used in science education lectures at the high school or undergraduate level to provide students with an understanding of the elemental composition of future.
Doego1020011142 august 2001 advanced technology and. Automotive fuel of the future article pdf available in ieee power and energy magazine 26. Alternative fuels guidebook r180 this book presents the fundamentals needed to understand the physical and chemical properties of alternative fuels, and how they impact refueling system design and the modification of existing garages for safety. Download pdf transitions to alternative vehicles and. A glimpse of the alternative fuel future the new york times.
Motivated by the large body of legislation and the complex nature of the potential alternative fuel supply chains, the goal of this work is to examine hydrogen as an alternative transportation fuel. Other figures in terms of number of vehicles produced include 17. To this end, a computer model was developed that allows for the systematic selection of. Fuel cell technology has been around for over 150 years and it shows great promise in powering vehicles and in providing energy for residential applications. Alternative sources of energy an introduction to fuel cells. The 3rd international conference on alternative fuels.
Chapter 3 conventional fuels and alternative fuels 31 3. Sustainable mobility, future fuels, and the periodic table. All alternative fuel options have benefits and challenges. Tr anspor tation, petroleum use, and alter natives guest lecture. Hydrogen is an exception to this, and its ignition properties are quite different from those of the conventional fuels. Supplying hydrogen to industrial users is now a major business around the world. In addition, hydrogen production from coal and natural gas with carbon capture and sequestration can provide a means for domestic fossil fuels to remain viable energy resources. Hybridelectric vehicle technology is becoming commercially competitive in. Hydrogen h 2 is an alternative fuel that can be produced from diverse domestic resources. As an avid researcher of alternative fuels and an ambitious chemistry student, this researcher understands the importance of a shift to a hydrogen economy. Hydrogen, when used in a fuel cell to provide electricity, is an emissionsfree alternative fuel produced from diverse energy sources. Revised and updated, alternative fuels addresses many of the factors affecting our energy use, including the availability and desirability of various fuels.
This new edition covers new hydrogen developments in technology, oil supplies and new drilling techniques, latest information on hydrogen highway projects, breakthroughs in fuel cell. The different alternative fuels were compared in terms of several parameters such as availability, renewability, safety, cost, performance, economy and compliance with emission regulations. Alternative fuels for automobiles are currently a topic of growing interest and importance. As an energy carrier like electricity not an energy source, it must be manufactured. Download it once and read it on your kindle device, pc, phones or tablets. Fuels to drive our future the national academies press. The american love affair with the automobile is powered by gasoline and diesel fuel, both produced from petroleum. Futures and challenges icafee 2018 28 th 31 st october 2018, nanjing, peoples republic of china. However, such a transition will require a large investment and will not be reversible. There are many problems hindering the use of hydrogen as an alternative fuel, but many technologies are already being developed to overcome these. Newly revised, the second edition of this pioneering work addresses emerging factors affecting energy production and use, including the availability and desirability of various fuels. Most vehicles run on fossil fuels, and this presents a major emissions problem as demand for fuel continues to increase.
The material left over at ethanol factories, called distillers grains, are still animal feed, bob dinneen, president of the group, pointed out, and reducing the mandate would not lower. Hydrogen has the potential to be a very efficient clean energy source in the future especially if its use can be adapted for applications which have the greatest energy demands such as transport. Jun 21, 2017 this surplus electricity has to be stored, which makes producing hydrogen an attractive alternative. The worlds future fleet will have to rely on a broader range of fuels, propulsion solutions and energy efficiency measures. Fuels cells operating on hydrogen produced from renewable resources and nuclear energy result in reduced air pollutants and nearzero carbon emissions. Currently, drivers of lightduty fuel cell electric vehicles fcevs can fuel up at retail stations in less than 5 minutes and obtain a driving range of more than 300 miles. Alternative fuels like solar, wind, geothermal and hydroelectric utilities are growing fast. Overview of alternative fuels with emphasis on the potential. Alternative fuels free download as powerpoint presentation.
Providing sustainable mobility is a major challenge that will require new vehicle and fuel technologies. The text provides extensive discussion on hydrogen sources, both solar and nuclear, and fuel. Linden, one of gregorys colleagues at the institute of gas technology, in 1971. Hydrogen as a fuel of the future solar hydrogen generation. Hydrogen as an alternative fuel young scientists journal. Nuclear power developed a stigma following the fukushima and chernobyl disasters, but the energy source has come a long way in safety, technology and output. Alternative and future fuels are the subject of considerable research and public interest. The german industrial giant siemens has concluded that hydrogen is the best storage option for. Hydrogen gas is formed with two atoms on each molecule. Merewether abstract fuel cells are important future sources of electrical power and could contribute to a reduction in the amount of petro leum imported by the united states. This surplus electricity has to be stored, which makes producing hydrogen an attractive alternative. Editorial preface to the special issue on the 3 rd international conference on alternative fuels, energy and environment. Aug 01, 2012 but the renewable fuels association, a trade group representing corn farmers, promptly issued a statement calling for the e.
Some of the common and special liquid fuels and oxidizers are listed in table 3. This new edition covers new hydrogen developments in technology, oil supplies and new drilling techniques, latest information on hydrogen highway projects. Hydrogen can be made by using heat to separate it from the hydrocarbons. While a variety of new fuel technologies are advancing, policy makers can be assured that the internal combustion engine will remain dominant for decades, the national petroleum council told the department of energy on wednesday in a report the report from the council, an advisory agency, was drawn up in response to requests from the department for counsel on how to accelerate the adoption. Alternative fuels in transportation denis kouroussis. Dan sperling november, 2012 fall quarter 2012 energy and environmental aspects of transportation civil and environmental engineering eci 163 environmental science and policy esp 163. Transitions to alternative vehicles and fuels assesses the potential for reducing petroleum consumption and ghg emissions by 80 percent across the u. The 3rd international conference on alternative fuels, energy. Demand for hydrogen, which has grown more than threefold since 1975, continues to rise almost entirely supplied from fossil fuels, with 6% of global natural gas and 2% of global coal going to hydrogen production.
On the basis of october 20 data, there are approximately 34 million flexible fuel vehicles and the sale of hybrid electric vehicles numbered more than 9 million september 2014 data. Fuel of the future rachel chamousis abstract hydrogen is an energy carrier that can transform our fossil fuel dependent economy into a hydrogen economy, which can provide an emissionsfree transportation fuel. The use of energy is a factor in all our lives, and that is why it is important for us teachers to have our students learn about the energy we use now and the new forms of energy that are becoming available. This new edition covers new hydrogen developments in technology, oil supplies and new drilling techniques, latest information on hydrogen highway projects, breakthroughs in fuel cell technology and ultra. A holistic analysis of energy and environmental impacts. Hydrogen is considered to be one of the most promising, and the most environmentally friendly, fuels to replace diesel and petrol in the future. The literature suggests that the term hydrogen economy may have been coined by h. How nasa reinvented the wheel shape memory alloys duration.
Research and commercial efforts are under way to expand the limited hydrogen. As the race to find energy sources to replace our dwindling fossil fuel supplies continues apace, hydrogen is likely to play a crucial role in the future. This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. This comparison revealed that liquefied natural gas could be considered as the future replacement to the current marine bunker fuel. Residential renewable and alternative energy systems there are many opportunities to generate your own. Fuels fix features stories about alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies successes in the united states. The future of hydrogen michael frank hordeski newly revised, the second edition of this pioneering work addresses emerging factors affecting energy production and use, including the availability and desirability of various fuels. Alternative fuels future of hydrogen download copy of this page newly revised, the second edition of this pioneering work addresses emerging factors affecting energy production and use, including the availability and desirability of various fuels. Types of alternative fuels include biodiesel, electricity, methanol and ethanol, hydrogen, natural gas, propane and new fuels still under development, called emerging fuels.
The site is powered by news from the us doe clean cities program as well as our working partners in the alternative fuels industry. A significant barrier to the wider adoption of hydrogen vehicles is the cost of production of fuel cells, which means that as a fuel source hydrogen is roughly 34 times more expensive than diesel. Hydrogen is the simplest molecule on earth with only one proton and one electron. Alternative fuels used in transportation for the teacher. The future of hydrogen, 2nd edition kindle edition by hordeski, michael. Methanol, also known as wood alcohol, can be used as an alternative fuel in flexible fuel vehicles that run on m85 the. New fuel cells are being developed that can use fossil fuels directly. Use features like bookmarks, note taking and highlighting while reading alternative fuels. Jan 01, 2005 111 alternative fuels and their application to combustion engin es fig. Click download or read online button to get transitions to alternative vehicles and fuels book now. Alternative fuels and advanced vehicle technologies for.
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